eISSN: 1897-4295
ISSN: 1734-9338
Advances in Interventional Cardiology/Postępy w Kardiologii Interwencyjnej
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abstract:
Original paper

Temporal changes in biomarker levels and their association with the early degeneration stage of transcatheter aortic valves in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose and 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography studies

Danuta Sorysz
1, 2
,
Artur Dziewierz
1, 2
,
Katarzyna Gawlik
3
,
Marta Opalińska
4, 5
,
Anna Sowa Staszczak
4, 5
,
Anna Grochowska
6
,
Krzysztof Piotr Malinowski
7, 8
,
Natalia Maruszak
1
,
Maciej Bagieński
9
,
Dariusz Dudek
8

  1. 2nd Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
  2. Clinical Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
  3. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
  4. Clinical Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
  5. Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
  6. Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
  7. Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
  8. Center for Digital Medicine and Robotics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
  9. Intensive Cardiac Care Unit, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
Adv Interv Cardiol
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/aic.2024.142403
Online publish date: 2024/08/23
View full text Get citation
 
Introduction:
As transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) indications expand, understanding the valve degeneration process and potential influencing biomarkers becomes increasingly important.

Aim:
To investigate temporal changes in biomarker levels and their potential association with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) uptake, assessed using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) studies as markers for native aortic annulus calcifications and early-stage TAVI valve degeneration.

Material and methods:
A total of 71 TAVI patients underwent blood sampling and transthoracic echocardiography at baseline (pre-TAVI) and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after the procedure. PET/CT using 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG was performed at 6 and 24 months. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and osteopontin (OPN) were measured. In addition, plasma levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG), lipoprotein a (Lp(a)), and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) were assessed.

Results:
Finally, 31 patients (median age: 84.0 years) completed the study. Valve function improved after TAVI and remained stable during follow-up. Over 24 months, OPN levels decreased (p = 0.010), while MMP-3 and MMP-9 levels increased (p = 0.046 and p = 0.041). MMP-3 and MMP-9 showed multiple positive correlations across time points. OPN, ox-LDL, and OPG demonstrated significant negative correlations with follow-up effective orifice area index and effective orifice area (EOA). No significant correlations were found between biomarkers and PET/CT uptake.

Conclusions:
Significant biomarker changes over 24 months and negative correlations with EOA suggest potential roles in aortic valve function. However, no correlations between biomarkers and PET/CT results were observed.

keywords:

biomarkers, lipoprotein a, metalloproteinases, osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, positron emission tomography, transcatheter aortic valve implantation, valve degeneration, valve durability
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